El concepto sobre la muerte en la tribu Kamba: Resignificación desde la teología de Karl Rahner y la antropología cultural contemporánea
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Universidad Católica Luis Amigo.
Abstract
Este artículo analiza la concepción de la muerte en la tribu Kamba de Kenia a partir del diálogo entre la teología trascendental de Karl Rahner y la antropología cultural africana. El problema de investigación se centra en cómo el cristianismo, introducido por misiones europeas, ha influido en la cosmovisión tradicional Kamba sobre la muerte, originalmente entendida como una transición hacia la comunidad de los ancestros. El objetivo principal es comprender las transformaciones en las prácticas rituales y creencias funerarias de los Kamba a partir de la interacción con el cristianismo. El marco teórico articula la visión rahneriana de la muerte como acto libre y definitivo ante Dios, con las perspectivas de los autores Magesa y Mbiti quienes destacan la dimensión comunitaria, simbólica y espiritual de la muerte en la cultura africana. Entre los hallazgos más relevantes se identifica un proceso de sincretismo en el que los Kamba incorporan elementos cristianos como la esperanza en la vida eterna o el juicio final, sin abandonar completamente sus prácticas ancestrales, como los ritos de purificación, la veneración a los muertos vivientes y las creencias en la brujería o la maldición como causas de muerte. El aporte del artículo radica en mostrar cómo el encuentro entre dos cosmovisiones la cristiana y la africana reconfigura la espiritualidad, permitiendo una comprensión más amplia y contextual de la muerte en contextos interculturales.
This article analyzes the Kamba conception of death in Kenya through a dialogue between Karl Rahners’ transcendental theology and African cultural anthropology. The research focuses on how Christianity, introduced by European missions, has influenced the traditional Kamba worldview on death, originally understood as a transition to the ancestral community. The main objective is to understand the transformations in Kamba funerary ritual practices and beliefs resulting from their interaction with Christianity. The theoretical framework articulates Rahners’ view of death as a free and definitive act before God with the perspectives of Magesa and Mbiti, who emphasize the communal, symbolic, and spiritual dimensions of death in African culture. Among the most relevant findings is a process of syncretism in which the Kamba incorporate Christian elements such as the hope of eternal life and the final judgment, without completely abandoning their ancestral practices, such as purification rites, the veneration of the living dead, and beliefs in witchcraft or curses as causes of death. The article's contribution lies in showing how the encounter between two worldviews—Christian and African—reconfigures spirituality, allowing for a broader and more contextual understanding of death in intercultural contexts.
This article analyzes the Kamba conception of death in Kenya through a dialogue between Karl Rahners’ transcendental theology and African cultural anthropology. The research focuses on how Christianity, introduced by European missions, has influenced the traditional Kamba worldview on death, originally understood as a transition to the ancestral community. The main objective is to understand the transformations in Kamba funerary ritual practices and beliefs resulting from their interaction with Christianity. The theoretical framework articulates Rahners’ view of death as a free and definitive act before God with the perspectives of Magesa and Mbiti, who emphasize the communal, symbolic, and spiritual dimensions of death in African culture. Among the most relevant findings is a process of syncretism in which the Kamba incorporate Christian elements such as the hope of eternal life and the final judgment, without completely abandoning their ancestral practices, such as purification rites, the veneration of the living dead, and beliefs in witchcraft or curses as causes of death. The article's contribution lies in showing how the encounter between two worldviews—Christian and African—reconfigures spirituality, allowing for a broader and more contextual understanding of death in intercultural contexts.
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Kitonyi, P. M. (2025). El concepto sobre la muerte en la tribu Kamba: Resignificación desde la teología de Karl Rahner y la antropología cultural contemporánea